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Hybrid materials for lithium-ion batteries

Time: Tue 2022-10-18 14.00

Location: F3, Lindstedtsvägen 26 & 28, Stockholm

Language: English

Subject area: Chemistry Chemical Engineering

Doctoral student: Cesario Ajpi Condori , Tillämpad elektrokemi, UMSA-University

Opponent: Docent Andrew Kentaro Inge, Stockholm University

Supervisor: Professor Göran Lindbergh, Tillämpad elektrokemi; Doktor Anders Lundblad, RISE

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QC 2022-09-21

Abstract

The Lithium‐ion batteries are the most important power source for electronic devices as electronics, storage and the different electric vehicles. The research and development of new materials for different applications has increased, especially in the development of materials with better electrochemical properties (Specific capacity, rate capability, high energy density and cyclability). Inorganic materials such as LiFePO4, LiMn2O4 and organic materials such as Li4C6O6, quinones and anthraquinones, polyaniline (PANI) and others have been extensively studied. Improvement of the electrochemical properties involve different aspects as: control in the particle size of the materials, doping with other elements and the combination of the different properties of the organic an inorganic materials. The development of hybrids materials with improved electrochemical properties need a combination between of inorganic and organic structures. This type of hybrids materials are a very attractive option for the development of advanced materials. For the design of this type of hybrid materials it is necessary to form interactions between the inorganic and organic part (supramolecular chemistry). This opens up for using an immense amount of organic materials such as conductive polymers and PANI (Polyaniline) are attractive alternatives in the development of hybrid materials due to their excellent electronic conductivity. Other attractive types of hybrid materials are compounds based on metal-organic frameworks (MOF), coordination polymers (CP) and coordination networks (CN).

This thesis work is focused in the synthesis, structural characterization and electrochemical characterization of two groups of hybrid materials: 

1) LiFePO4-PANI synthetized by different methods.

2) Metal-organic compounds M-BDC-DMF with M=Ni2+, Fe2+, C8H4O2=Terephthalate=BDC=Benzene dicarboxylate, DMF=N,N-dimethylformamide.

The materials were synthesized by chemical oxidation methods combined with thermal treatment (LiFePO4-PANI-Li hybrid powder) and by solvothermal methods (M-BDC-DMF). The materials were characterized by SCXRD, PXRD, FTIR, SEM and electrochemical methods and the electrochemical characterization was carried out using CV, EIS and galvanostatics methods. 

The specific capacities of PANI was 95 mAh/g, of LiFePO4 was 120 mAh/g and of LiFePO4-PANI was 145 mAh/g at 0.1C. At 2C the capacity of LiFePO4 was 70 mAh/g and LiFePO4-PANI was 100 mAh/g. The specific capacities of Ni3(C8H4O4)3(C3H7NO)4 is ~50 mAh/g and Fe-BDC-DMF was ~175 mAh/g. 

The work has shown that PANI can improve the performance of LFP also at higher discharges rates. For M-BDC-DMF stability seems to be an issue which should be studied more in the future.

urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-317479