Enhancing Network OperationalFlexibility for Wind Energy Integration

QC 20250522

Abstract

Increasing penetration of wind energy in electricity networks introduces significant variability that challenges operational flexibility.Traditional siloed strategies that address generation, transmission,storage and demand independently often result in local optimal wind energy integration. This issue highlights the need for a holistic and flexible operational framework to maximize wind energy utilization inthe existing networks without major new infrastructure investments.To meet this need, this dissertation proposes a coordinated optimization approach, integrating wind resource assessment, dynamic thermal rating (DTR), energy storage systems (ESS) and demand side management strategies. The approach employs optimization techniques, including two-stage stochastic programming with chance constraints and copula-based correlation modeling, to account for uncertainties in wind availability and energy demand. By optimizing across multiple energy domains (electricity, thermal energy and hydrogen) and leveraging flexibility resources, the proposed framework enhances the grid’s ability to accommodate wind variability while maintaining reliability.The contributions of this work include: first, a planning model for wind farm expansion alongside DTR-based transmission systemis introduced, which minimizes wind curtailment while balances generation investments with grid reliability; second, a dynamic dispatch strategy combining DTR with battery storage is developed to increase wind energy integration while accounting for battery degradation; third, an integrated multi-energy coordination framework ispresented to diverts excess wind power to other energy carriers and engages flexible loads; and finally, a chance-constrained stochastic optimization model is formulated to consider the uncertainties under varying weather and loading conditions.Case studies demonstrate that the coordinated strategy significantly increases wind power utilization and reduces operational costs compared to conventional siloed approaches. These improvements underscore the value of integrated planning and operation in future power systems with high shares of renewables.Overall, this work advances the state of the art in wind energy integration by validating the effectiveness of the holistic approach.It also provides a practical blueprint for system operators and planners to develop more flexible and resilient power grids under high renewable penetration.

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